医院开展学术活动的实践探讨

医院内部学术活动是继续医学教育的基本形式,通过学术交流活动,可以给更多的医疗技术人员提供既经济又可及的学习机会,让更多的年轻医师受益的同时营造了医院的学术氛围。开展医院内学术交流活动已成为天津医院继续教育及提高学术水平的重要途径。．     

2015-2017年部分省级医院感染学术年会中微生物学专题报告现况调查

目的 了解我国省级医院感染学术年会中,涉及微生物学的专题报告现状,为后续感控人员培训与能力建设提供依据。方法 收集2015年1月-2017年5月各省级医院感染管理质量控制中心和医院感染管理学会举办的学术年会会议安排,对涉及微生物学的专题报告情况进行汇总分析。结果 共有17个省/直辖市/自治区举办的35场次学术年会纳入研究,举办时间集中在第四季度（42.31%）。15场次学术年会涉及微生物专题报告,专题报告数量占总报告数量的5.91%,报告时长占总时长的4.81%。微生物学专题报告的形式多样,主题报告占68.96%,文献交流占24.14%,另外6.90%为互动交流方式。涉及微生物学报告的专题所占比例有一定程度的升高,但报告时长比例有所降低。结论 目前我国省级医院感染学术年会当中,微生物学专题报告的数量与时长所占比例较低,未来医院感染学术年会需增加微生物专题报告。     

Comparison of Hospital Costs and Length of Stay for Community Internists,Hospitalists, and Academicians

BACKGROUND The model of inpatient medical management has evolved toward Hospitalists because of greater cost efficiency compared to traditional practice. The optimal model of inpatient care is not known. OBJECTIVE To compare three models of inpatient Internal Medicine (traditional private practice Internists, private Hospitalist Internists, and Academic Internists with resident teams) for cost efficiency and quality at a community teaching hospital. DESIGN Single-institution retrospective cohort study. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Measurements were hospital cost, length of stay (LOS), mortality, and 30-day readmission rate adjusted for severity, demographics, and case mix. Academic Internist teams had 30% lower cost and 40% lower LOS compared to traditional private Internists and 24% lower cost and 30% lower LOS compared to private Hospitalists. Hospital mortality was equivalent for all groups. Academic teams had 2.3–2.6% more 30-day readmissions than the other groups. CONCLUSIONS Academic teams compare favorably to private Hospitalists and traditional Internists for hospital cost efficiency and quality.     

Graduated nurses' experiences with baccalaureate thesis writing: A qualitative study

This study explores the perceptions of newly graduated nurses regarding the baccalaureate thesis (BT) writing process. A qualitative approach with content analysis was adopted. Thirteen newly graduated nurses participated in the study. The inclusion criterion was having completed the BT during their university education as nurses within 3 years of the study. Information was obtained through semistructured interviews. Data collection began in June 2018 and ended in March 2019, once saturation of information was reached. Three major categories were identified: the beginning of the process, the advantages of Baccalaureate thesis writing, and the teacher's role. The participants expressed that their training focused on a synthetic and particular type of writing that is necessary for clinical scenarios but not suitable for scientific academic texts. Additionally, reflective diaries were described as a powerful writing practice during their studies. Participants conceive the realization of the baccalaureate thesis as a difficult process, especially as regards selecting, synthesizing, and writing about the available information, processes that they indicated generate anxiety. Academic writing skills should be specifically included in the nursing curriculum.     

天津市东丽医院引进学科带头人的实践与探索

本文介绍了天津市东丽医院引进学科带头人所取得的成效,并通过分析在学科带头人引进工作中存在的问题,结合医院实际,提出改进二级医院学科带头人引进工作的建议,促进医院的持续、快速、有序发展。     

基于学术论文产出的国家公派研究生培养质量分析

本文基于本校开展公派研究生项目的工作实践,将公派研究生和同级同导师未留学研究生进行对照,采用文献计量学方法,对研究生论文产出、分布特点和影响力进行统计,对比分析论文发表数量、被引频次、影响因子、合作状况、高水平期刊论文比例等客观数据,以期从一个侧面反映国家公派研究生项目对提高研究生培养质量所发挥的作用,为开展公派研究生项目的其他院校提供参考。     

The impact of afterschool program attendance on academic outcomes of middle school students

This evaluation examined the effects of afterschool programs—supported by an afterschool system intermediary organization (ASIO)—on middle school students' academic performance and examined how those effects varied by student characteristics and program engagement. In this longitudinal, quasi-experimental matched comparison group evaluation, propensity score matching was used to create demographically balanced samples of ASIO-supported afterschool program participants and nonparticipants. Students enrolled in the afterschool programs did not differ from non-participants in growth over time on most academic outcomes. Students attending the afterschool programs showed less growth on certain state test scores compared to nonparticipants. Student demographic characteristics did not consistently influence participant outcomes. Among program participants only, students who were enrolled more than 1 year demonstrated a 7-percentile-point increase in state test scores per year of program engagement. There was no consistent evidence that ASIO-supported afterschool program participation was associated with improved student academic outcomes. However, study results support increased emphasis on afterschool program retention, given that longer duration of participation in the afterschool programs was associated with more growth on multiple academic outcomes.     

我国护理期刊学术影响力排名分析

[目的]分析我国护理期刊学术影响力排名,综合评价我国21种护理学统计源期刊学术影响力。[方法]以2014年版《中国科技期刊引证报告》(扩刊版)中21种护理期刊为研究对象,以总被引频次、影响因子、他引总引比、高被引论文数、来源文献量、平均引文数、地区分布数、Web下载量共8项指标为依据,赋予各项指标不同的权重,运用归一化加权法综合评价21种护理期刊的学术影响力。[结果]2014年21种护理学统计源期刊与全国6 345种科技期刊6项评价指标比较显示,总被引频次、影响因子、他引总引比、来源文献量、地区分布数5项评价指标均显著高于科技期刊平均水平,但平均引文数显著低于我国科技期刊的平均水平;运用多指标归一化加权法得出21种护理学统计源期刊的综合值,排名前5位的依次为《中华护理杂志》《护理研究》《中国实用护理杂志》《护士进修杂志》和《护理学杂志》;将本研究护理核心期刊排名情况与《中国科技期刊引证报告》进行比较,部分期刊在2个评价体系中排名有不同程度的上升或下降,存在综合值排名与影响因子排名分离的现象。[结论]我国护理期刊整体影响力较科技期刊平均水平高,但护理科研论文质量较其他科技期刊存在较大差距;运用多指标数据归一化加权法综合评价我国21种护理学统计源期刊的学术影响力,能作出全面、科学、准确的评价,真实反映护理期刊的影响力,能够为护理学术期刊自身发展及提高期刊影响力提供改进方向。     

The relationship between serum cortisol,adrenaline, blood glucose and lipid profile of undergraduate students under examination stress

BackgroundStress is an extremely adaptive phenomenon in human beings and cortisol is a known stress hormone. Examination has been described as a naturalistic stressor capable of affecting human health.ObjectivesTo estimate the relationship between serum cortisol, adrenaline, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profile during examination stress.MethodsTwo hundred and eight (208) apparently-healthy undergraduate students (aged, 24 ± 6 years) were involved in the study. Exactly 5 mls of venous blood was collected from each subject 1–3 hours before a major examination. A second assessment was done on the same students 3–4 weeks before any examination (control samples). Cortisol and adrenaline were assayed using ELISA techniques, FBG was assayed using enzymatic method while lipid parameters were assayed using standard enzymatic-spectrophotometric methods.ResultsThere was statistically significant increase in serum cortisol, adrenaline, Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in students under examination stress compared to the non examination period (p=0.001, 0.013, 0.0001, 0.0001 and 0.0001, respectively). FBG showed no significant increase. There was also significant positive correlation (r=0.297, p=0.032) between serum cortisol and TC/HDL ratio (cardiac risk factor) before examination stress but not during the stress period.ConclusionsSignificant positive correlation was observed between cortisol and TC/HDL ratio before examination stress.